Debt: The First 5,000 Years

Money may change, but the human story of obligation, trust, and power remains the same.

In Debt, David Graeber explores the hidden history of economic exchange, revealing that debt has shaped human societies for millennia long before the invention of money or markets. From ancient Mesopotamia to modern financial crises, he demonstrates how obligations, credit, and moral codes underlie every economy and social structure. Graeber challenges conventional economic narratives, offering a sweeping reinterpretation of history through the lens of debt.

Through a mix of historical analysis, ethnography, and provocative argument, Graeber examines how debts influence politics, morality, and power dynamics. He exposes the social, cultural, and ethical dimensions of financial obligations, showing that our economic systems are not purely mathematical but deeply human.

Insightful, provocative, and rigorously researched, Debt: The First 5,000 Years reframes how we understand money, responsibility, and society. It is essential reading for anyone seeking to grasp the forces that have shaped human civilization and continue to govern our world today.

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